当前位置：首页 > 云服务商动态
深度剖析全球十大云服务商的实力较量
全球十大云服务提供商
Top 10 Cloud Service Providers Globally
数据中心是承载云计算的基础设施，随着AI的发展，数据中心逐步进入公众视野，并为大家所关注。本文主要剖析了全球十大云服务提供商的全球市场分布情况，以及其全球IT基础设施的格局。作为数据中心从业者，关注全球数据中心行业头部用户及用户的基本格局，有助于了解行业动态。
云计算，以及提供这些服务的十大云服务提供商，已经极大地改变了全球IT基础设施的格局。这些公共云服务提供商利用了分布式云计算的固有优势。这不仅为创建创新的软件应用程序和平台铺平了道路，而且还增强了信息安全和隐私控制。因此，了解每个领先的云服务提供商及其不同的策略是至关重要的。
Cloud computing, along with the top 10 cloud service providers offering these services, has significantly transformed the global IT infrastructure landscape. These public cloud service providers harness the inherent advantages of distributed cloud computing. This not only paves the way for the creation of innovative software applications and platforms but also enhances information security and privacy controls. Therefore, understanding each leading cloud service provider and their distinct strategies is crucial.
总体而言，全球十大云服务提供商是亚马逊网络服务（AWS）、微软Azure、谷歌云平台（GCP）、阿里巴巴云、甲骨文云、IBM云、腾讯云、数字云、数字海洋和Linode（由Akamai所有）。
As a whole, the top 10 cloud service providers globally are Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Alibaba Cloud, Oracle Cloud, IBM Cloud, Tencent Cloud, OVHcloud, DigitalOcean, and Linode (owned by Akamai).
本文分析主要集中在公共云服务提供商上，而不是VMware。除了评估全球前10名的云服务提供商之外，我们还评估了他们的市场份额，确定了像Vultr这样的较小的提供商，定义了云服务提供商的术语，确定了云计算的5个主要好处，以及识别哪些云服务提供商是最便宜的。
The analysis focuses largely on the public cloud service providers, as opposed to private cloud technology, such as VMware. In addition to reviewing the top 10 cloud service providers globally, we evaluate their market share, identify smaller providers like Vultr, define the term cloud service providers, determine the 5 main benefits of cloud computing, as well as recognize which cloud service provider is the cheapest.
全球排名前10名的云服务提供商排名在下表中，其中包括每个供应商已经开放的区域和可用性区域的数量：
The top 10 cloud service providers globally are ranked in the following table, which includes the number of regions and availability zones that each vendor has opened:
下面更详细概述了前10家云服务提供商：
Each of these top 10 cloud service providers is outlined in greater detail below:
1.亚马逊网络服务（AWS）
1. Amazon Web Services (AWS)
亚马逊网络服务公司（AWS）是Amazon.com的云计算服务公司，是全球最大的云服务提供商。从其数据中心，该业务提供了200多个功能齐全的服务，包括计算、存储和数据库。
Amazon Web Services (AWS), the cloud computing service of Amazon.com, is the largest cloud service provider globally. From its data centers, the business provides over 200 fully featured services including compute, storage, and database.
AWS目前有33个区域和105个可用性区域正在运行中。这些区域和可用性区位于美国各地、AWSGovCloud（美国）、美洲、欧洲、亚太地区以及中东和非洲。
AWS currently has 33 regions and 105 availability zones in operation. These regions and availability zones are located throughout the United States, AWS GovCloud (US), Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific, as well as in the Middle East and Africa.
亚马逊网络服务（AWS）的净销售额从2015年的约80亿美元增长到2017年的170亿美元，到2019年达到350亿美元，目前每年收入为968亿美元。这一惊人的增长是由AWS从2015年的32个可用区域扩展到2017年的52个可用区域，目前已达到105个可用区域。与此同时，该公司已经推出了数千项新的AWS服务，这也推动了其扩张。
Amazon Web Services (AWS) has grown net sales from approximately $8 billion in 2015, to more than $17 billion for 2017, reaching $35 billion by 2019, and now generating $96.8 billion on an annual basis. This staggering growth has been driven by the expansion of AWS from 32 availability zones in 2015, to 52 availability zones in 2017, and now reaching 105 availability zones at present. In parallel, the company has launched thousands of new AWS services which has also fueled its expansion.
2.微软Azure
2. Microsoft Azure
微软公司的智能云业务包括全球第二大云服务提供商Azure。通过微软Azure，该公司提供了一致的混合云体验、开发者生产力、人工智能（AI）能力以及安全和遵从性。
Microsoft Corporation’s Intelligent Cloud segment contains Azure, the second largest cloud service provider globally. Through Microsoft Azure, the company delivers a consistent hybrid cloud experience, developer productivity, artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities, and security & compliance.
微软Azure目前有64个区域和126个可用性区域在运行中。这些区域和可用区分布在美国、Azure政府、美洲、欧洲、亚太地区以及中东和非洲。
Microsoft Azure presently has 64 regions and 126 availability zones in operation. These regions and availability zones are distributed throughout the United States, Azure Government, Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific, as well as in the Middle East and Africa.
超过300个物理的微软Azure数据中心位于全球，其中提供了计算机服务器，每个服务器都配备了独立的电源、冷却和网络。该公司将这个数据中心基础设施与横跨140个国家的超过17.5万英里的光纤线路连接起来。
Over 300 physical Microsoft Azure data centers are located worldwide, which house computer servers, each fitted-out with independent power, cooling, and networking. The company connects this data center infrastructure with more than 175,000 miles of fiber lines across 140 countries.
微软的智能云业务收入，包括来自Azure、其他云服务和服务器产品的收入，在最近一个季度达到了259亿美元，同比增长了19%。因此，按年计算，微软的智能云收入目前为1035亿美元。然而，微软并没有明确披露Azure的收入，这意味着Azure只是智能云总收入的一部分。
Microsoft’s Intelligent Cloud revenue, which includes revenue from Azure, other cloud services, and server products, reached $25.9 billion for the latest quarter, an increase of 19% year-over-year. Therefore, on an annualized basis, Microsoft’s Intelligent Cloud revenue currently stands at $103.5 billion. However, Microsoft does not explicitly disclose Azure revenues, meaning that Azure is only a subset of total Intelligent Cloud revenue.
3.谷歌云平台（GCP）
3.Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
谷歌云平台（GCP）是字母控股子公司，是全球第三大云服务提供商，提供为企业准备的云服务。GCP使开发人员能够在其分布式和可扩展的基础设施上构建、测试和部署应用程序，同时利用该服务在安全、数据管理、分析和人工智能（AI）方面的能力。
Google Cloud Platform (GCP), part of Alphabet Inc, is the third largest cloud service provider globally, providing enterprise-ready cloud services. GCP enables developers to build, test, and deploy applications on its distributed and scalable infrastructure, while utilizing the service’s capabilities in security, data management, analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI).
谷歌云目前有40个区域和121个可用性区域在运行中。这些区域和可用区遍布美国、美洲、欧洲、亚太地区以及中东和非洲。
Google Cloud today has 40 regions and 121 availability zones in operation. These regions and availability zones are situated throughout the United States, Americas, Europe, Asia Pacific, as well as in the Middle East and Africa.
Alphabet公司的谷歌云部门的收入来自于它对其基础设施、平台和其他服务收取的费用。最近一个季度，谷歌云计算的营收为92亿美元，同比增长26%。因此，按年率计算，谷歌云计算的年收入为370亿美元。
Alphabet Inc’s Google Cloud unit earns revenue from the fees it charges for its infrastructure, platform, and other services. For the latest quarter, Google Cloud generated $9.2 billion in revenue, an increase of 26% year-over-year. Therefore, on an annualized basis, Google Cloud produces $37 billion of revenue.
4.阿里云
4. Alibaba Cloud
阿里巴巴集团的云计算部门，即阿里巴巴云，是全球第四大云服务提供商，亚太地区的主要云供应商，以及中国最大的云服务提供商。通过阿里巴巴云，该业务提供云服务，包括弹性计算、数据库、存储、网络虚拟化、大规模计算、安全、管理和应用服务、大数据分析和机器学习。
Alibaba Group’s cloud computing unit, known as Alibaba Cloud, is the fourth largest cloud service provider globally, the primary cloud vendor in Asia Pacific, and the largest cloud service provider in China. Through Alibaba Cloud, the business offers cloud services, including elastic computing, database, storage, network virtualization, large-scale computing, security, management & application services, big data analytics, and machine learning.
阿里云目前有30个区域和89个可用区。在中国大陆，阿里巴巴是主要的云服务提供商，在全国拥有15个地区。在中国大陆以外，阿里巴巴云还在美国、欧洲、亚太地区和中东地区开展业务。
Alibaba Cloud currently has 30 regions and 89 availability zones in operation. Mainland of China, Alibaba is the dominant cloud service provider, with 15 regions across the country. Outside Mainland of China, Alibaba Cloud operates in the United States, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Middle East.
阿里巴巴集团主要根据企业客户的服务持续时间和使用情况获得云计算收入。包括阿里巴巴云在内的云智能集团最近一个季度的营收为39.5亿美元（合人民币280.66亿元），同比增长3%。因此，按年率计算，阿里巴巴云计算的收入目前为158亿美元。
Alibaba Group primarily generates cloud computing revenue from enterprise customers based on the duration and usage of their services. The company’s Cloud Intelligence Group, which includes Alibaba Cloud, yielded $3.95 billion (RMB28,066 million) of revenue for the latest quarter, an increase of 3% year-over-year. Thus, on an annualized basis, Alibaba Cloud revenue currently stands at $15.8 billion.
5.甲骨文云
5. Oracle Cloud
甲骨文公司提供的云服务包括云软件即服务（SaaS）和云基础设施（OCI）。通过OCI，该公司是一家云服务提供商，提供基础设施技术即服务（TaaS）、存储和网络服务。
Oracle Corporation’s Cloud Services offerings include Oracle Cloud Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI). Through OCI, the company is a cloud service provider, delivering infrastructure technologies as-a-service including compute, storage, and networking services.
Oracle云目前有48个区域和58个可用性区域。这些区域和可用性区分别位于整个美国、加拿大、欧洲、中东和非洲（EMEA）、拉丁美洲和亚太地区。此外，甲骨文云还为美国政府、美国国防部（DoD）和英国政府提供政府云区域，并为整个欧盟（EU）的客户提供两个主权区域。
Oracle Cloud presently has 48 regions and 58 availability zones in operation. These regions and availability zones are located throughout the United States, Canada, Europe, the Middle East, & Africa (EMEA), Latin America, and Asia Pacific. In addition, Oracle Cloud offers government cloud regions for the U.S. government, U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), and UK government, as well as two Sovereign regions for customers across the European Union (EU).
Oracle云基础设施（OCI）通常收取预付费用，随着OCI服务在规定的时间内使用，预付费用逐渐降低。最近一个季度，甲骨文的云IaaS收入达到了18亿美元，同比增长了49%。因此，按年率计算，甲骨文云计算的年收入为72亿美元。
Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI) typically charges a prepaid fee that gradually decreases as its OCI services are consumed by the customer over a defined time period. For the latest quarter, Oracle’s Cloud IaaS revenue reached $1.8 billion, an increase of 49% year-over-year. Therefore, on an annualized basis, Oracle Cloud produces $7.2 billion of revenue.
6.IBM云
6.IBM Cloud
IBM将其管理式基础设施服务业务剥离给Kyndryl，后者现在为其客户设计、构建和管理私有、公共和多云环境。
IBM spun off its managed infrastructure services business to Kyndryl, which now designs, builds, and manages private, public, and multi-cloud environments for its customers.
今天，IBM Cloud有10个区域和30个可用性区域。这些区域和可用性区分布在整个美国、美洲、欧洲和亚太地区。
Today, IBM Cloud has 10 regions and 30 availability zones in operation. These regions and availability zones are distributed throughout the United States, Americas, Europe, and Asia Pacific.
Kyndryl的云服务部门通过集成来自独立软件供应商、公共云服务提供商、内部平台和物联网（IoT）等技术提供的服务，帮助企业优化其对云服务提供商的使用。为此，Kyndryl最近与微软Azure和谷歌云建立了新的战略关系。
Kyndryl’s Cloud Services segment helps enterprises optimize their use of cloud service providers by integrating services delivered from independent software vendors, public cloud service providers, internal platforms, and technologies such as the internet of things (IoT). To this end, Kyndryl has recently established new strategic relationships with both Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud.
7.腾讯云
7. Tencent Cloud
腾讯控股的云计算部门腾讯云是中国第二大云服务提供商，仅次于阿里巴巴云。
Tencent Holdings’ cloud computing unit, known as Tencent Cloud, is the second largest cloud service provider in China, behind Alibaba Cloud.
目前，腾讯云有21个区域，有65个可用性区域正在运行。包括其5个合作伙伴区域，该公司共提供26个区域和70个可用性区域。不包括合作伙伴地区，腾讯云在中国大陆、美国、加拿大、巴西、德国、印度、印度尼西亚、日本、新加坡、韩国和泰国都有业务。
Currently, Tencent Cloud has 21 regions with 65 availability zones in operation. Including its 5 partner regions, the company offers a total of 26 regions and 70 availability zones. When excluding its partner regions, Tencent Cloud has operations in Mainland of China, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Thailand.
8.OVH云
8.OVH Cloud
OVH云是一家专注于欧洲的云服务提供商，提供的解决方案，包括裸金属和托管私有云、公共云和网络云服务。
OVH cloud is a Europe-focused cloud service provider offering solutions including bare metal & hosted private cloud, public cloud, and web cloud services.
目前，OVH云计算可在17个地点运行，其中包括37个数据中心和45万台物理服务器。这些数据中心位于9个国家，即法国、加拿大、美国、德国、波兰、英国、澳大利亚、印度和新加坡。
Presently, OVH cloud operates in 17 locations, comprising 37 data centers with 450,000 physical servers. These data centers are situated across 9 countries, namely France, Canada, United States, Germany, Poland, United Kingdom, Australia, India, and Singapore.
OVH云服务为超过140多个国家的160多万客户提供域名、网络托管计划和云解决方案。其中，该公司约有800家客户是企业。在价值主张方面，OVH云采用低成本模式，通常在价格上展开竞争。
OVH cloud offers domain names, web hosting plans, and cloud solutions to more than 1.6 million customers in over 140 countries. Of this total, approximately 800 of the company’s customers are enterprises. In terms of value proposition, OVH cloud operates a low-cost model and generally competes on price.
9.数字海洋
9. Digital Ocean
数字海洋是一家云服务提供商，为小型客户提供按需应变的基础设施和平台工具。
Digital Ocean is a cloud service provider offering on-demand infrastructure and platform tools to smaller customers including developers, start-ups, and small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs).
如今，数字海洋在其15个数据中心中运营着9个区域。具体来说，该公司在纽约和旧金山地铁市场以及加拿大多伦多都有数据中心；英国伦敦；荷兰阿姆斯特丹；德国法兰克福；印度班加罗尔；新加坡；和澳大利亚的悉尼。
Today, Digital Ocean operates 9 regions across its 15 data centers. Specifically, the company has data centers in the New York City and San Francisco metro markets, as well as in Toronto, Canada; London, United Kingdom; Amsterdam, Netherlands; Frankfurt, Germany; Bangalore, India; Singapore; and Sydney, Australia.
数字海洋为超过185个国家的60万名客户提供其基础设施和软件解决方案。独特的是，数字海洋公司大约70%的收入来自美国以外的地区。与OVH云类似，数字海洋在价格上竞争，通常比最大的云服务提供商更划算50%的以上。
Digital Ocean delivers its infrastructure and software solutions to over 600,000 customers in more than 185 countries. Uniquely, approximately 70% of Digital Ocean’s revenue derives from outside of the United States. Similar to OVH cloud, Digital Ocean competes on price, often being 50% more cost-effective than the largest cloud service providers.
10.Linode (Akamai)
10. Linode (Akamai)
Linode由Akamai技术公司拥有，是一家云计算平台和基础设施即服务（IaaS）提供商，为全球超过100多万客户提供服务。尽管Linode传统上是针对个人开发人员的，但Akamai的目标是为企业客户调整其服务。为此，Akamai计划开发新的企业级核心站点和分布式站点，并将它们与边缘平台和私有骨干网进行集成。
Linode, owned by Akamai Technologies, is a cloud computing platform and an Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) provider serving over 1 million customers worldwide. Although Linode has traditionally catered to individual developers, Akamai aims to adapt its services for enterprise customers. To do this, Akamai plans to develop new enterprise-grade core and distributed sites and integrate them with its edge platform and private backbone.
Linode目前有20个数据中心区域，通过它提供容器和虚拟机形式的计算，以及存储服务。该公司现有的数据中心位于以下市场：
Linode currently has 20 data center regions in operation, through which it provides compute in the form of containers and virtual machines, as well as its storage services. The company’s existing data centers are located in the following markets:
-
美国：亚特兰大，乔治亚州；芝加哥，伊利诺斯州；达拉斯，德克萨斯州；加利福尼亚州，加利福尼亚州；纽瓦克，新泽西；西雅图，华盛顿；和华盛顿特区。
-
United States: Atlanta, Georgia; Chicago, Illinois; Dallas, Texas; Fremont, California; Newark, New Jersey; Seattle, Washington; and Washington, D.C.
-
美洲：巴西圣保罗和加拿大多伦多
-
Americas: São Paulo, Brazil and Toronto, Canada
-
欧洲：法国巴黎、德国法兰克福、意大利米兰、瑞典斯德哥尔摩、和英国伦敦
-
Europe: Paris, France; Frankfurt, Germany; Milan, Italy; Stockholm, Sweden; and London, United Kingdom
-
欧洲：法国巴黎、德国法兰克福、意大利米兰、瑞典斯德哥尔摩、和英国伦敦
-
Asia Pacific: Sydney, Australia; Mumbai, India; Chennai, India; Tokyo, Japan; Osaka, Japan; and Singapore
此外，Linode计划在以下市场开设7个新的云区域：加州洛杉矶；佛罗里达州迈阿密；荷兰阿姆斯特丹；西班牙马德里；印度尼西亚雅加达；新西兰奥克兰；和韩国首尔。
Additionally, Linode plans to open 7 new cloud regions in the following markets: Los Angeles, California; Miami, Florida; Amsterdam, Netherlands; Madrid, Spain; Jakarta, Indonesia; Auckland, New Zealand; and Seoul, South Korea.
亚马逊网络服务（AWS）、微软Azure和谷歌云平台（GCP）是市场份额最大的云服务提供商，总共占据了云基础设施服务支出的65%以上的份额。以下是按市场份额排名前十的10家云服务提供商的汇总表，突出显示了AWS31%的市场份额，微软Azure24%的市场份额，以及谷歌云11.5%的市场份额。
Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP) are the cloud service providers with the largest market share, collectively capturing over 65% of spending on cloud infrastructure services. Below is a summary table of the top 10 cloud service providers by market share, highlighting AWS’ 31% market share, Microsoft Azure’s 24% market share, and Google Cloud’s 11.5% market share.
在过去的5年里，AWS的市场份额保持在30%的低位，微软Azure的市场份额一直增长，从历史上的约10%增长，而谷歌Cloud的市场份额一直从之前的5%的基础稳步增长。随着市场份额的增加，在这段时间内也有相应的市场份额下降，其中包括IBM Cloud和一些小型云服务提供商。
Over the past 5 years, AWS has maintained its market share in the low-30% range, Microsoft Azure has been an aggressive market share gainer, rising from approximately 10% historically, while Google Cloud has been steadily increasing its market share from its prior base of 5%. With market share gainers, there are also corresponding market share losers over this time period, which include IBM Cloud and a number of small cloud service providers.
虽然排名前10名的云服务提供商占据了云基础设施服务支出的约78%，但在全球市场上仍有相当数量的小供应商。例如，这些云服务提供商包括那些针对特定利基市场的企业，如中小型企业（smb）或那些在区域内运营的企业，如在欧洲或亚太地区。以下是这些小型云服务提供商的例子：
While the top 10 cloud service providers capture approximately 78% of spending on cloud infrastructure services, there is still a significant number of small vendors present in global markets. For example, these cloud service providers include those targeting a certain niche, such as small- and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) or ones that operate regionally, such as in Europe or Asia Pacific. Below are examples of these small cloud service providers:
-
中国：百度AI云、华为云、金山云、京东云、青云、优刻得云
-
China: Baidu AI Cloud, Huawei Cloud, Kingsoft Cloud, JD Cloud, QingCloud, UCloud
-
欧洲：Bleu (Orange and Capgemini), Hetzner, Leaseweb
-
Europe: Bleu (Orange and Capgemini), Hetzner, Leaseweb
-
日本和韩国：富士通、NTT、软银、NAVER云、KT云
-
Japan and Korea: Fujitsu, NTT, SoftBank, NAVER Cloud, KT Cloud
-
私有云/托管服务：惠普企业（HPE）、Rackspace、VMware
-
Private Cloud / Managed Services: Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE), Rackspace, VMware
-
SaaS合作伙伴：Salesforce，SAP
-
SaaS Partners: Salesforce, SAP
-
中小型企业：Heroku、UpCloud、Vultr
-
SMBs: Heroku, UpCloud, Vultr
在云服务提供商市场中，对于像Rackspace这样的托管服务提供商来说，有一个重要的区别。托管服务提供商帮助企业迁移、架构和将工作负载部署到公共云。随后，这些托管服务提供商跨多个环境为其客户“管理”IT基础设施，包括公共云、私有云和本地云。通过这种商业模式，云服务提供商仍然是IT基础设施的最终所有者和提供商。
Within the cloud service provider market, there is an important distinction to make for managed services providers like Rackspace. Managed services providers help enterprises migrate, architect, and deploy workloads to the public cloud. Subsequently, these managed services providers ‘manage’ the IT infrastructure for their customers across multiple environments, including public cloud, private cloud, and on-premises. Through this business model, the cloud service providers still remain as the ultimate owners and providers of IT infrastructure.
云服务提供商为开发人员、初创企业、中小型企业和大型企业提供按需应变的基础设施和工具，以构建、部署和扩展他们的软件应用程序和数据库。云服务提供商运营的两种主要服务模式被称为基础设施即服务（IaaS）和平台即服务（PaaS），它们由以下内容组成：
Cloud service providers offer on-demand infrastructure and tools for developers, start-ups, small- and medium-sized businesses, and large enterprises to build, deploy, and scale their software applications and databases. The two main service models which cloud service providers operate in are known as Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) and Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS), which are comprised of the following:
-
基础设施即服务（IaaS）：计算、存储和网络
-
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS): compute, storage, and networking
-
平台即服务（PaaS）：数据库管理系统和应用程序平台
-
Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS): database management systems and application platforms
有了IaaS和PaaS基础设施，云服务提供商提供了广泛的用例，包括web和移动应用程序、网站托管、电子商务、媒体和游戏、管理服务等等。这些计算和存储服务依赖于共享服务器，后者可提供高度的可伸缩性和连续性。通常，客户以按使用付费的方式使用云计算服务。
With this combined IaaS and PaaS infrastructure, cloud service providers enable a wide range of use cases, including web & mobile applications, website hosting, e-commerce, media & gaming, managed services, among many more. These computing and storage services rely on shared servers which offer a high degree of scalability and continuity. Typically, customers consume cloud computing services on a pay-per-use basis.
此外，某些公共云服务提供商提供软件即服务（SaaS），这指的是终端用户应用程序。
Additionally, certain public cloud service providers offer Software-as-a-Service (SaaS), which refers to end user applications.
云服务提供商围绕所谓的区域和可用性区域建立他们的数字基础设施。区域是世界上云服务提供商有多个可用性区域的物理位置。这些可用性区域由一个或多个孤立的数据中心组成，它们坐落在单独的建筑中，每个建筑中都有冗余的电源、冷却、网络和光纤连接。
Cloud service providers build their digital infrastructure around what are known as regions and availability zones. A region is a physical location in the world where a cloud service provider has multiple availability zones. These availability zones consist of one or more isolated data centers, that are housed in separate buildings, each with redundant power, cooling, networking, and fiber-optic connectivity.
区域和可用性区域-例
Regions and Availability Zones – Example
可用性区域使最终用户能够操作比从单个数据中心获得的更高的可用性、容错性和可扩展性的生产应用程序和数据库。
Availability zones enable end users to operate production applications and databases that are more highly available, fault tolerant, and scalable than is possible from an individual data center.
云服务提供商通过虚拟化将自己与各个服务器和数据中心的功能区分开来，这意味着在硬件和应用程序之间添加一个抽象层。进而，虚拟化还允许多个工作负载和操作系统在同一台物理服务器上运行。因此，虚拟化促进了云的关键竞争优势，包括可伸缩性、最大化资源利用率，以及以更低的操作费用提供更多的工作负载。
Cloud service providers differentiate themselves from the capabilities of individual servers and data centers through virtualization, which means adding an abstraction layer between hardware and applications. In turn, virtualization enables multiple workloads and operating systems to run on the same physical server. As such, virtualization facilitates the critical competitive advantages of the cloud, including scalability, maximizing resource utilization, and provisioning more workloads with lower operating expenses.
云计算的5个好处是可伸缩性、按次使用付费、速度和敏捷性、外包和全球覆盖范围：
The 5 benefits of cloud computing are scalability, pay-per-use, speed & agility, outsourcing, and global reach:
1.可伸缩性：企业的内部IT系统可能无法可扩展，以满足工作负载的峰值需求，除非它们保持过剩的容量——这是昂贵的。通过使用云计算，客户可以立即增加或减少他们的硬件和软件容量需求，以满足业务需求
1.Scalability: an enterprise’s internal IT systems may not be scalable to meet peak demand for workloads, unless they maintain excess capacity – which is costly. By using cloud computing, customers can instantly increase or decrease their hardware and software capacity needs to meet business requirements
2.按使用付费：在知道数据中心和服务器之前，客户不能将资本支出（资本支出）投入使用，客户只能在消耗计算资源时付费，只为他们消耗的钱付费
2.Pay-Per-Use: instead of investing capital expenditures (CapEx) in data centers and servers prior to knowing how they are going to be used, customers can pay only when they consume computing resources, and pay only for how much they consume
3.速度和敏捷性：在云计算环境中，只需点击几次鼠标，就可以提供新的IT资源。因此，客户可以将让开发人员使用这些资源的时间从几周缩短到仅仅几分钟
3.Speed and Agility: new IT resources can be provisioned in a cloud computing environment with only a few clicks. Therefore, customers can reduce the time to make those resources available to developers from weeks to just minutes
4.外包：云计算使客户能够避免占用、堆叠和驱动服务器，同时也避免了对其数据中心的持续维护
4.Outsourcing: cloud computing enables customers to avoid racking, stacking, and powering servers, in addition to eschewing the ongoing maintenance of their data centers
5.全球范围：应用程序可以部署在世界各地的多个地区，只需点击几下鼠标。反过来，这将使应用程序具有更低的延迟，并为最终用户提供更好的体验
5.Global Reach: applications can be deployed in multiple regions around the world with just a few clicks. In turn, this enables applications to have lower latency and provides a better experience for end users
与此同时，大量企业正在转向混合和多云环境，以避免供应商锁定，并保持在更安全的环境中托管敏感工作负载的灵活性。以下是混合云和多云的定义：
At the same time, a significant number of enterprises are shifting to hybrid and multi-cloud environments to avoid vendor lock-in and to preserve the flexibility to host sensitive workloads in a more secure environment. Below are definitions of hybrid cloud and multi-cloud:
-
混合云：在不同环境组合中的应用程序部署，包括本地云、私有云和公共云
-
Hybrid Cloud: application deployments in a combination of different environments including on-premises, private cloud, and public cloud
-
多云：使用多个公共云服务提供商的应用程序部署，而不是只使用单个公共云服务提供商
-
Multi-Cloud: application deployments with several public cloud service providers, instead of only using a single public cloud service provider
来回答以下问题：哪个是最便宜的云服务提供商？云计算服务的成本是多少？，Dgtl Infra回顾了Linode最近的一个比较，它研究了一个CPU专用/优化的2vCPU，4GB RAM，80GB SSD部署的每月成本。以下是四大公共云服务提供商（即亚马逊网络服务（AWS）、微软Azure、谷歌云平台（GCP）和阿里巴巴云）的每月部署成本的总结：
To answer the questions: Which is cheapest cloud provider? and How much do cloud computing services cost?, Dgtl Infra reviewed a recent comparison by Linode, which studied the cost per month of a CPU Dedicated/Optimized 2vCPU, 4GB RAM, 80GB SSD deployment. Below is a summary of the monthly costs for this deployment from the four largest public cloud service providers, namely Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and Alibaba Cloud:
如上例所示，对于CPU专用/优化的2vCPU，4GB RAM，80GB SSD部署，阿里巴巴云是最便宜的公共云服务提供商，每月48.42美元。相比之下，亚马逊网络服务（AWS）是最昂贵的公共云服务提供商，每月的成本为71.47美元，比阿里巴巴云高出48%。
As shown in the example above, for the CPU Dedicated/Optimized 2vCPU, 4GB RAM, 80GB SSD deployment, Alibaba Cloud was the cheapest public cloud service provider at $48.42 per month. In contrast, Amazon Web Services (AWS) was the most expensive public cloud service provider, at a cost of $71.47 per month, 48% higher than Alibaba Cloud.
尽管上述分析强调了大型供应商中最便宜的公共云服务提供商，但实际上，较小的云服务提供商，如OVH云、数字海洋和Linode，是最具成本效益的。与AWS、微软Azure、谷歌云和阿里巴巴云相比，这些公司通常至少便宜20%到35%，通常便宜50%。
Although the above analysis highlights the cheapest public cloud service provider among the large vendors, in reality the smaller cloud service providers, such as OVHcloud, DigitalOcean, and Linode are the most cost-effective. These companies are generally at least 20% to 35% cheaper across the board – and often 50% cheaper – when compared to AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud, and Alibaba Cloud.
